{"id":7548,"date":"2019-02-14T10:49:20","date_gmt":"2019-02-14T02:49:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/?p=7548"},"modified":"2020-07-15T11:58:05","modified_gmt":"2020-07-15T03:58:05","slug":"air-quality-london-pm25-pollution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/blog\/air-quality-london-pm25-pollution\/","title":{"rendered":"London&#8217;s PM2.5 Pollution Levels Are Above Safe Limits"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span>Over 100 years after \u201cLondon Fog,\u201d is London\u2019s air safe? I just analyzed data on London\u2019s\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"qlink_container\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/What-is-the-difference-between-PM2-5-and-PM10-with-respect-to-the-atmospheric-pollutants\/answer\/Thomas-Talhelm\">PM2.5<\/a><\/span><span> air pollution\u2014tiny particles in the air measuring 2.5 microns and below. In 2018, London averaged 12 micrograms of PM2.5, that&#8217;s higher than the World Health Organisation annual limit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/pm2.5.png\" alt=\"London's PM2.5 vs. WHO annual limit\" width=\"600\" height=\"666\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7553\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/pm2.5.png 919w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/pm2.5-270x300.png 270w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/pm2.5-768x853.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">What Does That Mean?<\/h3>\n<p>Based on this data from the <span><a href=\"https:\/\/data.london.gov.uk\/dataset\/london-average-air-quality-levels\">King\u2019s College London<\/a><\/span>, London\u2019s air quality is slightly above the <span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs313\/en\/\">WHO annual limit<\/a><\/span>. That limit is important because research shows that\u00a0<span><a href=\"https:\/\/msutoday.msu.edu\/news\/2018\/high-blood-pressure-an-air-filter-may-help\/?utm_source=weekly-newsletter&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=standard-promo&amp;utm_content=image&amp;id=5d8f22830ea78c054ac7e31a058acd02#.W_TpPMgXsmM.email\">even levels around 10 micrograms affect our health<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><span>However, 12 micrograms is already pretty good; it\u2019s just within the\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"qlink_container\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sites\/production\/files\/2016-04\/documents\/2012_aqi_factsheet.pdf\" rel=\"noopener nofollow noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"external_link\">\u2018Healthy\u2019 range<\/a><\/span><span>\u00a0for the US air quality index. And it comes\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"qlink_container\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.quora.com\/How-does-Japans-air-pollution-compare-to-Britains\/answer\/Thomas-Talhelm?ch=10&amp;share=7a5f1714&amp;srid=2QXl\">after years of improvement<\/a><\/span><span>, according to separate World Bank Data.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/main-qimg-65af12116ddffdeb94a4bc3ceb186a0e-291x300.png\" alt=\"London air quality improvement\" width=\"291\" height=\"300\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7907 size-medium\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/main-qimg-65af12116ddffdeb94a4bc3ceb186a0e-291x300.png 291w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/main-qimg-65af12116ddffdeb94a4bc3ceb186a0e.png 602w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 291px) 100vw, 291px\" \/><\/p>\n<p class=\"ui_qtext_para u-ltr u-text-align--start\">London\u2019s PM2.5 is lower than other major cities like Paris and Berlin, although there are safer major cities, such as Montreal.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-1.png\" alt=\"London PM2.5 vs. other cities\" width=\"600\" height=\"335\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7550\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-1.png 1174w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-1-300x168.png 300w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-1-768x429.png 768w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-1-1024x572.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>But compared to the cities around the world that are famous for pollution, like Delhi or Beijing, London isn\u2019t even close!<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-2.png\" alt=\"London PM2.5 vs. other cities\" width=\"601\" height=\"362\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7551\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-2.png 1340w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-2-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-2-768x463.png 768w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/compare-2-1024x617.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Monthly Analysis<\/h3>\n<p>However, one problem with the data above is that it averages over the entire year. When we do a month-by-month analysis, we can see that London\u2019s air is in the \u2018Moderate\u2019 range about half the time.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/monthly.png\" alt=\"Monthly analysis of London's air\" width=\"600\" height=\"280\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-7552\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/monthly.png 1960w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/monthly-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/monthly-768x359.png 768w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/monthly-1024x479.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class='bottom-line'><div class='bottom-line-top'>Bottom Line<\/div><div class='bottom-line-title'>Bottom Line: London, UK PM2.5 Pollution<\/div><div class='bottom-line-content'>London\u2019s PM2.5 is not the worst in the world but averages slightly above the WHO annual limit.<\/div><div class='bottom-line-last'>Smart Air<\/div><\/div>\n<p><strong>Caveat: <\/strong>I analysed PM2.5 data. This covers particles in the air, but it doesn\u2019t cover gas pollutants like NO2. That\u2019s important for London because <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/9c2b9d92-a45b-11e8-8ecf-a7ae1beff35b\">studies<\/a> have found <a href=\"https:\/\/qr.ae\/TUyctM\">unhealthy NO2 levels in London<\/a> and around England.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">How to Protect Yourself From London&#8217;s PM2.5<\/h3>\n<p>Despite London\u2019s relatively good air quality, measures can still be taken to protect against air pollution. Studies have found that wearing a mask outdoors during bad air pollution <span><a href=\"https:\/\/qr.ae\/TUnNmi\">prevents harmful effects on blood pressure and heart rate variability<\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/paddy-testing-3m-mask-London-225x300.jpg\" alt=\"Wearing 3M N95 air pollution mask on London streets\" width=\"225\" height=\"300\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-6695\" srcset=\"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/paddy-testing-3m-mask-London-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/paddy-testing-3m-mask-London-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/09\/paddy-testing-3m-mask-London.jpg 809w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 225px) 100vw, 225px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Even at very low levels of air pollution, a study in the US found that using air purifiers to reduce indoor PM2.5 from 11 micrograms to 7 micrograms <a href=\"https:\/\/jamanetwork.com\/journals\/jamainternalmedicine\/fullarticle\/2701629\">significantly improved blood pressure<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Breathe safe, London!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Over 100 years after \u201cLondon Fog,\u201d is London\u2019s air safe? I just analyzed data on London\u2019s\u00a0PM2.5 air pollution\u2014tiny particles in the air measuring 2.5 microns and below. In 2018, London averaged 12 micrograms of PM2.5, that&#8217;s higher than the World Health Organisation annual limit. &nbsp; What Does That Mean? Based &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"London&#8217;s PM2.5 Pollution Levels Are Above Safe Limits\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/blog\/air-quality-london-pm25-pollution\/#more-7548\" aria-label=\"Read more about London&#8217;s PM2.5 Pollution Levels Are Above Safe Limits\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4300,"featured_media":7564,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[17,257,261],"tags":[272,278,352,330,74],"class_list":["post-7548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-air-pollution","category-pm2-5","category-weather","tag-air-pollution","tag-air-quality","tag-london","tag-mask","tag-pm2-5","resize-featured-image"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4300"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7548"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17438,"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7548\/revisions\/17438"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smartairfilters.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}