因为缺少数据,人们对口罩的寿命有着截然不同的看法。我见过一些人说口罩只能戴一两天,比如这位给我发邮件的人。

如果真的只能戴一天,那我们生活在雾霾严重的城市的人需要每个月买一大堆口罩!所以回答这个问题很重要。我们非常需要数据!
口罩寿命测试-30天
现在我们收集了数据:我们在北京测试了一个新的3M口罩和一个使用11天的3M口罩,发现效果只下降了1.4%。但是11天后呢?这个数据适用于所有的口罩还是只适用于3M的口罩?
为了在这个问题上得到好的数据,Smart Air的印度团队测了一款Venus V-430 SLV N99口罩。我们测了三个口罩:
1. 全新口罩
2. 用过20天的口罩
3.用过30天的口罩


再说,德里气候炎热、闷热,也就是说,这对于口罩的消耗很大。
测试方法
我们做了密封测试。测试者戴上口罩的时候,白色的管子在采集口罩里面的空气,蓝色的管子在采集口罩外面的空气。

佩戴者在测试期间完成一系列动作,比如弯腰和左右移动头部。所以,研究结果反映的不只是人在坐着的时候,更反映了人们在运动时,口罩的密封效果。

TSI PortaCount检测到的微粒数低至0.01微米,小于人们经常提到的2.5微米。

然后,机器利用这些数据来估计通过口罩的微粒的百分比(而不是从口罩的四周漏进去的空气)。
结果
数据显示,口罩才不止拥有“一两天”的寿命。口罩并不是一次性的用品。

即使使用30天后,口罩的得分仍然超过99%。效果都没有明显下降!
这是一个侥幸的结果吗?

口罩“寿命”到了是因为变松,不是不能过滤微粒。
如果我们简单了解一下口罩是怎么样“衰老”,我们就可以理解为什么数据这么反直觉。

在我看到这些数据之前,我对口罩的直觉是,随着时间的推移,它们过滤粒子的能力会变得更差。事实上,我错了。随着时间的推移,口罩在捕捉粒子方面反而做得更好。

其实,衰老的是空气阻力。随着口罩里的颗粒越来越多,空气越来越难通过,所以呼吸也越来越困难。它的工作原理就像水槽里的过滤器一样:里面充满了渣子之后,它捕捉颗粒的能力其实更强,但是通水更差。

所有的口罩都这么耐用吗?
Venus的口罩很耐用的一个原因是,它的带子是由弹性织物制成的。这种面料即使用了多次只后也能保持紧密性。

相比之下,很多3M口罩用的橡皮筋在用了很多次之后会变松或者断掉。

Bottom Line
划重点:口罩使用寿命
口罩的使用寿命远远超过一天。按照这些数据,口罩可以一直用到变得非常脏,让人难以呼吸。到这个时候,不用看效果,口罩已经脏到大多数人都想把它扔掉的程度了。
Smart Air
现实的口罩寿命
看了数据之后,应该在这些情况下换口罩:
1. 带子断了或太松了,戴不紧。
2. 口罩里充满了颗粒,呼吸变得明显困难。
3. 口罩脏到我想把它扔掉。
祝大家呼吸安全!


Does washing the outer side or the inner side (that touches your face) of the n95 diminish the mask’s ability to filter small particles out…. i.e. by somehow condensing or compressig the “mesh” matrix that the mask is made of? I’m thinking washing with soap and hot water and rinsing with hot water and drying them in the sun.
Starting in March, I ordered 1000 N95 masks which I donated to our local Sheriff’s department. After speaking with the group responsible for distribution, the Sheriff’s department was the most needy as they run the local jail and have medical, corrections, inmates and support staff that along with regular policing come in direct contact with infected individuals. My advice (put in writing) in each 2 mask set was to spray the outside of the “used” mask with a solution of 1/3 bleach to 1 gallon water and let air dry (as per CDC website) while using the second mask. Reading… 阅读更多 »
Don’t throw away you mask when the straps are loose/broken, replace it with a fabric one. You can staple it or even sew it: https://imgur.com/2BlRCoc To avoid breaking them at the wrong time (e.g. at the checkout of a store during a covid pandemic…), it is better to add the new fabric straps even before the first use. Then you let the newly added elastic hang behind your neck, until one of the red elastic breaks. You don’t need special staples, those of a mini paper stapler are sufficient. Remember to put 2 staples on each side, lengthwise.
Bravo! I’ve been looking for this information for a while. I thought the masks would get better at filtering as they became more full (like a HEPA filter) but I couldn’t find any information, except for the old, “that’s what they told us at the hospital I worked at”.
Thanks for posting and… Stay Healthy
I am in the USA; I am a critical care registered nurse sine 1991; I cannot find the Venus V-430 SLV anywhere; where can i find a reputable place to purchase? since they are reusable, I am very interested in finding a good reusable mask that is durable as I am taking care of covid-19 patients in the ICU in ‘not ideal’ situations to say the least; I need a very good reusable mask; please help?